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6G安全；内生安全新范式；核心网；无线接入网 1

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Finance infrastructure through blockchain-based tokenization

Yifeng TIAN, Zheng LU, Peter ADRIAENS, R. Edward MINCHIN, Alastair CAITHNESS, Junghoon WOO

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2020年第7卷第4期页码 485-499 doi: 10.1007/s42524-020-0140-2

摘要： The infrastructure finance gap has long-standing implications for economic and social development. Owing to low efficiency, high transaction costs, and long transaction time, conventional infrastructure financing instruments are considered to be major contributors to the increasing mismatch between the need for infrastructure development and available financing. Implemented through smart contracts, blockchain tokenization has shown characteristics that are poised to change the capital stack of infrastructure investment. This study analyzed the first SEC-compliant energy asset security token, ZiyenCoin, from the perspective of the key participants, relevant regulations, and token offering procedures. Results show that tokenization can improve infrastructure assets liquidity, transaction efficiency, and transparency across intermediaries. Conventional infrastructure financing instruments were compared with blockchain tokenization by reviewing the literature on infrastructure finance. The benefits and barriers of tokenizing infrastructure assets were thoroughly discussed to devise ways of improving infrastructure financing. The study also found that the potential of tokenization has not yet been fully realized because of the limited technical infrastructures, regulation uncertainties, volatilities in the token market, and absence of the public sector. This study contributes to the present understanding of how blockchain technology can be implemented in infrastructure finance and the role of tokenization in the structure of public–private partnership and project finance.

关键词： infrastructure asset blockchain tokenization security token offering smart contract public–private partnership project finance

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区间灰数表征与算法改进及其GM(1,1)模型应用研究

方志耕,刘思峰,陆芳,万军,刘斌

《中国工程科学》 2005年第7卷第2期页码 57-61

摘要：

针对目前区间灰数的表征和运算过程中存在着较为严重的问题，即：运算结果对灰数的灰度进行不必要的放大，造成信息的严重失真，笔者定义了标准区间灰数与第一和第二标准区间灰数的概念，分析了第一和第二标准区间灰数之间的关系，进一步设计了普通区间灰数与标准区间灰数之间的转换规则，提供了标准区间灰数之间的比较与运算法则，较好地解决了区间灰数之间的大小比较与运算问题。最后，将这一研究成果应用于基于区间数的GM (1, 1)模型预测问题，取得了良好的效果。

关键词：区间灰数标准区间灰数表征 GM(1 1)模型运算规则

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Soil security and global food security

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023530

摘要：

● Much of the world’s agricultural land has been degraded through soil loss and degradation of soil organic matter.

关键词： Agriculture soil security food security regenerative

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Protein security and food security in China

Zheng RUAN,Shumei MI,Yan ZHOU,Zeyuan DENG,Xiangfeng KONG,Tiejun LI,Yulong YIN

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第2卷第2期页码 144-151 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2015062

摘要： Food security, the need to meet nutritional requirements, and four main problems for food protein security in China are analyzed. From the perspective of residents’ nutritional requirements and balanced dietary patterns, the conclusion is that food security in China is in essence dependent on protein production and security of supply and that fat and carbohydrates supply in China can reach self-sufficiency. Considering the situation of food protein production and consumption in China, policy suggestions are made, which could ensure a balanced supply and demand for food protein and food security in China.

关键词： food security protein security nutrition dietary pattern

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Ecological security evaluation of Africa

Huihui WEI, Wenjuan ZHANG, Feng ZHANG, Guojun SUN

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第7卷第4期页码 467-477 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020320

摘要：

Africa, the second largest continent in the world, has achieved remarkable economic and political results through exploration and positive development. Ecological security comprehensively reflects the heath and integrity of an ecosystem, and it is broadly defined as the security state of a complex artificial ecosystem composed of natural, economic and social factors. Ecological security determines the potential for sustainable development in Africa, especially with its rapidly developing economies. However, there is a lack of information on the ecological security state of the continent as a whole. In this study, we constructed an evaluation system based on a pressure-state-response model and evaluated the ecological security state of all 54 African countries. The results showed that, at the national level, the ecological security state of the countries in Africa differed, as did their spatial and temporal variations from 1995 to 2016. In general, African countries showed relatively good ecological security. The years 2007 and 2001 were the worst and best years, respectively, in terms of ecological security during the study period. At the regional level, North Africa and West Africa had the best and worst ecological security, respectively.

关键词： Africa ecological security evaluation system PSR model

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Water, energy and food interactions–Challenges and opportunities

Gustaf OLSSON

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第5期页码 787-793 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0526-z

摘要： Water and energy are inextricably linked, and as a consequence both have to be addressed together. This is called the water-energy nexus. When access to either is limited, it becomes obvious that it is necessary to consider their interdependence. Population growth, climate change, urbanization, increasing living standards and food consumption will require an integrated approach where food, water and energy security are considered together. In this paper we examine water, energy and food security and their couplings. The nexus also creates conflicts between water use, energy extraction and generation as well as food production. Some of these conflicts are illustrated. It is argued that there is an urgent need for integrated planning and operation. Not only will better technology be needed, but also better integration of policies, organizations and political decisions.

关键词： water security energy security food security water-energy nexus water conflicts

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Water environment security indicator system for urban water management

Tian HAO, Pengfei DU, Yun GAO

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第5期页码 678-691 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0450-7

摘要： Water environment security (WES) is defined in terms of three aspects: first, that it meets basic demands due to industrial and domestic usage; second, that it protects public health from acute and chronic threats; and third, that measures are adopted to ensure sustainable ecological functioning of freshwater resources. Limitations associated with current water environment security indicators in China — including inefficiency in terms of environmental monitoring, inappropriate indicators and parameters that do not take sufficient account of local water characteristics, and a lack of management targets — leads to a failure of effective water management. To achieve better water environment management, a systematic approach, encompassing several steps including establish ideal indicator system and narrow down the scope, screen priority pollutants, identify local characteristics and organize discussion workshop, should be followed to establish a comprehensive water environment indicator system. A case study in Suzhou is included to demonstrate the detailed operational procedures used to assess the risks associated with poor management practices relating to water environment security as well as design an appropriate water environment security indicator system.

关键词： water environment security supervision and management monitoring parameter indicator system Suzhou

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网络空间安全应急与应对

于全,杨丽凤,高贵军

《中国工程科学》 2016年第18卷第6期页码 79-82 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2016.06.016

摘要：

从我国网络空间安全的现状及面临的问题出发，指出网络空间安全应从应急转变为应对，并从网络空间安全监测、网络空间安全总体保障能力及网络空间安全人才队伍建设三个方面提出了相应的转变策略。

关键词：网络空间安全网络安全应急网络安全应对转变策略

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AGRICULTURAL GREEN DEVELOPMENT TO ACHIEVE FOOD SECURITY AND CARBON REDUCTION IN THE CONTEXT OF CHINA’

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第10卷第2期页码 262-267 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023496

摘要：

● To achieve food security, Chinese agriculture– food system could not achieve C neutrality.

关键词： agriculture carbon neutrality carbon peak food security carbon mitigation strategies

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Achieving food security and high production of bioenergy crops through intercropping with efficient resource

Yuanmei ZUO,Zhenjiao ZHANG,Caihong LIU,Weina ZHANG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第2卷第2期页码 134-143 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2015069

摘要： With high rates of food and nonrenewable fossil fuel consumption worldwide, we are facing great challenges in ensuring food and energy security to satisfy the world population. Intercropping, as an important and sustainable cropping practice in agroecosystems, has been widely practiced around the world. Many studies have shown that some plants can deliver high yields when intercropped with other plants. Here, we review the biological mechanisms in improving resource utilization efficiency and illustrate the practical application of intercropping in ensuring food and energy security through improving production. Identifying suitable energy plants for marginal land, land not suitable for food crops growth, is an effective strategy to acquire high production of bioenergy, thus removing competition between the use of land for food and energy. The effective application of intercropping provides a potential pathway for production of food crops and energy plants by improving resource use efficiency and resistance to environmental stress.

关键词： intercropping food security energy security high production marginal land

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China’s new problems of food security revealed by the Food Equivalent Unit

Huilong LIN,Ruichao LI,Cangyu JIN,Chong WANG,Maohong WEI,Jizhou REN

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年第1卷第1期页码 69-76 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2014023

摘要： China's food security has a great influence on the world, and has always been the top priority in China. In recent years, as the concept of food security is evolving into one of nutrition security and the importance of food diversity is increasing, research based on nutrition security and broad food systems are increasingly needed in today’s China. Thus, not only grain for human consumption, but also animal foods have been integrated into the Food Equivalent, which is used to analyze China’s current agriculture system and reveal the water resource distribution. The results indicated that the average animal food consumption has risen by 78.6%, and now China’s daily supply of animal food per capita has reached about 50% of that in the USA and 80% of that in the South Korea. So there exist an obvious disparity in animal food supply between China and these two countries. It is impossible for the China’s current agricultural system to achieve the level in the USA. Under China’s current agricultural system, the consumption proportion of feed grain had surpassed the consumption of food grain, increased sharply from 33% in 1992 to 67% in 2011. However, the growth potential of total grain output is approaching an upper limit, so the continued growth of feed grain demand exerts great pressure on the China’s food supply. The discordance of the spatial distribution of water resource and virtual water revealed that China’s current agriculture system had a low efficiency in being able to achieve food and nutrition security. China’s current “grain farming” cannot meet the demand of increasing nutrition and appropriate resource utilization. The implementation of grassland agriculture appears feasible and necessary for saving feed grain, providing a large number of high-quality animal foods and appropriate water resource utilization.

关键词： food security nutrition security food equivalent unit grassland agriculture China

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工业互联网安全技术发展研究

董悦,王志勤,田慧蓉,李姗,秦国英,吾守尔·斯拉木

《中国工程科学》 2021年第23卷第2期页码 65-73 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2021.02.009

摘要：

随着云计算、大数据等新一代信息技术与传统工业运营技术的深度融合，工业互联网已成为工业企业数字化转型升级的新动能；与此同时工业互联网安全问题日趋凸显，提升工业互联网安全技术保障能力成为我国工业互联网高质量发展的前提和保障。为深入了解我国工业互联网安全技术的发展情况，本文研判了我国工业互联网的发展需求，系统梳理了工业互联网安全防护技术、安全评测技术、安全监测技术的发展现状，剖析了工业互联网安全技术的发展趋势、技术难点和面临的挑战，提出了工业互联网安全关键技术的攻关路径。研究建议，工业互联网安全技术需结合工业特点及场景，开展定制化服务；紧密融合大数据、人工智能等新技术，实现主动防御；打造内生安全能力，助力工业互联网安全建设，推动我国工业互联网安全健康发展。

关键词：工业互联网安全，安全防护技术，安全评测技术，安全监测技术

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Contribution of national bioassessment approaches for assessing ecological water security: an AUSRIVAS

Susan J. NICHOLS, Fiona J. DYER

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第5期页码 669-687 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0556-6

摘要： River managers in Australia are managing in the face of extremes to provide security of water supply for people, production and the environment. Balancing the water requirements of people, environments and economies requires that water security is viewed holistically, not just in terms of the water available for human consumption. Common definitions of water security focus on the needs of both humans and ecosystems for purposes such as drinking, agriculture and industrial use, and to maintain ecological values. Information about achieving water security for the environment or ecological purposes can be a challenge to interpret because the watering requirements of key ecological processes or assets are not well understood, and the links between ecological and human values are often not obvious to water users. Yet the concepts surrounding river health are inherently linked to holistic concepts of water security. The measurement of aquatic biota provides a valuable tool for managers to understand progress toward achieving ecological water security objectives. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the reference condition approach to river health assessment, using the development of the Australian River Assessment System (AUSRIVAS) as a case study. We make the link between the biological assessment of river health and assessment of ecological water security, and suggest that such an approach provides a way of reporting that is relevant to the contribution made by ecosystems to water security. The reference condition approach, which is the condition representative of minimally disturbed sites organized by selected physical, chemical, and biological characteristics, is most important for assessing ecological water security objectives.

关键词： ecological water security biological assessment river health

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Transportation: meeting the dual challenges of achieving energy security and reducing greenhouse gas

Michael Quanlu WANG, Hong HUO

《能源前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第2期页码 212-225 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0016-y

摘要： As the population and economy continue to grow globally, demand for energy will continue to grow. The transportation sector relies solely on petroleum for its energy supply. The United States and China are the top two oil-importing countries. A major issue both countries face and are addressing is energy insecurity as a result of the demand for liquid fuels. Improvements in the energy efficiency of vehicles and the substitution of petroleum fuels with alternative fuels can help contain growth in the demand for transportation oil. Although most alternative transportation fuels - when applied to advanced vehicle technologies - can substantially reduce greenhouse emissions, coal-based liquid fuels may increase greenhouse gas emissions by twice as much as gasoline. Such technologies as carbon capture and storage may need to be employed to manage the greenhouse gas emissions of coal-based fuels. At present, there is no ideal transportation fuel option to solve problems related to transportation energy and greenhouse gas emissions. To solve these problems, research and development efforts are needed for a variety of transportation fuel options and advanced vehicle technologies.

关键词： transportation energy energy security greenhouse gases alternative fuels vehicle technologies